Elastic-fluid turbine.



G. WESTINGHOUSE.

PATENTED MAR. 3, 1908.

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P ATENTED MAR. 8, 1908. G. WESTINGHOUSE. ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.APPLICATION FILED AUG. 23, 1904. RENEWED SEPT. 18, 1997.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

, WNW mama No. 880,847. PATENTED MAR. 3,1908.

G. WESTINGHOUSE.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIOATIONFILED AUG.,23, 1904. RENEWED SEPT. 1a, 1907.

a SHEETS-SHEET 3.

whine/@000 woe/whoa UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THEWESTING- HOUSE MACHIN E COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 3, 1908.

Application filed August 23. 1904. SerialNo. 221:861. Renewed S t mb r18. 1907. Serial No. 393.461.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE WEs'rING- HOUSE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny andState of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement inElastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines, and more particularlyto. turbines applicable to marine propulsion and designed to act asreversing engines.

The object of this lnvention is to roduce a reversin turbine in whichthe flui which for the sa e of clearness will be hereinafter referred toas steam, is worked as described in an application made by me forLetters Patent, Serial Number 219,7 31, for improve ments in elasticfluid turbines.

A further object of this invention is to provide certain improvements inthe construction and arrangement of parts which are equally applicableto turbines of various yp turbine described in this specification andillustrated in the accompanying drawings throughout which correspondingelements are denoted by like characters.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a turbine embodying thisinvention: Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line DD of Fig.1: Fig. 3 is a view partially in developed section and partially in plantakenon lines AA and BB in Fig. 2 2 Fig. 4 is a view in cross sectiontaken on line (EC in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of areversing valve, Fig. 6 is a partial longitudinal section illustrating adetail of the turbine; The turbine consists of a casing 5 divided on thehorizontal plane through its axis, as is now common practice, wherebythe upper half may be readily lifted off. The lower half of the casingis provided with bearing .supports 6, within which suitable bearingscarrying the turbine shaft 7 are located.

Near the center and extending circumferentially of and exteriorly to thecasing,

two steam conduits 8 and 9 are located. Conduit 8 is adapted to carrythe steam to the primary or ahead portion of the turbine while conduit 9carries the steam to the secondary, reversing or astern portion of theturbine;

A spirally extending partition 10 separates es. These and other objectsI attainin the" the two conduits, and this partition is spirally formedin order to allow the nozzle segments (hereinafter referred to) for theahead and astern portions to be arranged in a line around the turbine.

Exhaustchambers 11 are provided at each end of the turbine and exhaustports 12 will lead the exhaust from each end to a common condenser,whereby'when either the ahead or astern portion of the turbine isoperating under steam the other portion will be rotating in a vacuum, asis now common practice.

Bolted or otherwise suit-ably secured against the inner periphery of thecasing and below the center line of the steam conduits 8 and 9 areaplurality of nozzles formed in a ring 13 that is cut in halves and isprovided with ahead steam spaces 14 and with astern steam spaces 15,each communicating with its steam conduit by means of its steam channel-16 with which it registers. Each of these nozzle segments is providedwith radially or outwardly extending members or blades 17 i of suchcontour in cross section that steam nozzles are formed between them. The

outer face of each of these segments and the The portion 18 of the rotorlying directly below or inside of this fluid seal is provided with anannular channel. or chamber 19, which lies below or inside of the centerof the middle of the fluid seal whereby fluid which leaks through saidseal from either direction will collect in said chamber ;,and extendingthrough said seal and the ring 13 at any convenient portion 20 of theseal a steam channel 21 communicating with said steam chamber 19 isadapted to conduct the leakage steam to a portion of the turbine whereit can be utilized in doing work. The passage 21 is provided with avalve 21 which iscapable of nozzles is provided with a plurality of rowsof by the propeller will be c cure by Le astern turbine.

throwingit into communication with either a passage 21 or a passage 21.The passage 21 communicates with a working portion'of the ahead turbineand the passage 21 communicates with a working portion of the It will beseen that-Lit the interleaving flanges and grooves ofl'er sufficientresistance to the passage of steam, and if the fluid chamber 19 and thechannel 21 'are of sufficient area to permit free passage of the steamand the steam'is led to a por this'chamber and channel in preference topassing through the side of the interleaving 3. In a reversing turbine,an ahead po'r-.

tion, an astern portion, two interleaving sealsbetween said portions, afluid turbine rotor common to said seals and means whereby the fluidentering said cham ber is conducted to the ahead portion.

chamber on the 4. In a reversing turbine-, an ahead por-i tion, anastern seals between sa1 port1ons, a fluid chamber -on the turbine rotorcommon to, sa d seals,

flanges of that end of the turbine running in vacuum. By-this means,when the turbine is operating ahead some of the steam which otherwisewould leak to the exhaust is partially utilized in doing work in theahead portion of the turbine and when the turbine is operating asternthe steam-from the chamber 19 is utilized in doing work in a portion ofthe astern turbine. f

The turbine rotor adjacent to, the steam blades 22 which cooperate withrows of sta tionary vanes 23 carried by the turbine cas- Ihe steamissuing from thefinal rows ,of moving blades 22 may be worked in anysatisfactory manner but in the construction illustrated it is preferableto work the steam as described in the application hereinbefore referredto. 4

A thrust bearing 24, of any suitabledesign is utilized for taking up theunbalanced end connected to the propeller shaft to be driven. It will beunderstood that to a great extent the end thrust imparted to the turbineshaft and a fluid conduit in the turbine casing communicating with saidchamber whereby Cportion, two interleaving the fluid entering saidchamber is conducted to an operative point of the aheadportion.

. 5. In an elastic fluid turbine, primary nozzles, .buckets cooperatingtherewith 'to produce rotation in one direction, secondary nozzles,buckets cooperating with. said sec ondary nozzles to produce oppositerotation,

a rotor carrying said buckets, a fluid cha ber in said rotor, jsealslocated' between sa d rotor and the portion carrying saidnozzles,andmeans whereby the fluid. entering said chamber is conducted to aneffective portion of the turbine. 6. Inan organized turbine having aheadand astern -stator portions and ahead and astern rotor portions, anannular fluid con duit between the respective stator portions,- nozzlescommunicating with said conduit, a chamber in the rotor between theahead and astern portions,- and seals between the rotor and stator oneach side of said'cha-mber.

- 7. In an organized turbine having ahead and astern stator portions andahead and astern rotor portions, an annular .fluid conounteracted by theend thrust of the "turbine itself which will be in the oppositedirection tothe propeller end thrust, and this will be true-with theturbine rotating in either direction. As indicated in Fig. 5, a steamchest 25 of any suitable design will connect with the ports 26 and 27for the ahead and astern steam inlets, and any suitable "valve such as apiston valve 28 may be utilized in connection with said steam chestwhereby by a movement of said valve in either direction the steam willbe cut off from one inlet andadmitted to theother. Having thus describedthis invention what I claim as new and useful and desire to se- I ttersPatent is 1.-In an elastic fluid turbine, an ah ad .5 portion,- anastern portion, a seal betw en i said portions and means whereby thefluid e'scapin" from either of said portions through said sea isconducted toan operative point of the ahead portion.- f i duit betweenthe respective stator portions,

nozzles "communicating with said conduit, a I

leakage-fluid. chamber in the rotor between the ahead and asternportions, seals between the rotor and stator on, each side of saidchamber, and a conduit in the stator forlead-' ing the steam collectedinsaid chamber to an "effective portion of the turbine.

'8. In an organized ahead and astern turbine having the respectiveportions of the rotor mounted on a common shaft, a casing having twoexhausts, an annularly-arranged steam conduit adjacent to thehigh-pressure end of each portion of the rotor, stationary nozzlescommunicating with said leakage fluid chamber locatedin said rotor andinterleaving seals at either side of said chamber between the peripheralfaces of said nozzles and-the rotors. g

9. In an elastic fluid turbine, a stator, a rotor, an. annular fluidpassage formed inte-' grally with said stator and communicat' with fluidsupply nozzles, a leakage flui conduit, a

chamber in the rotor adjacent to said nozzles and means for conductingleakage fluid there from to a working portion of the turbine.

10. In an elastic fluid turbine, an ahead portion, an astern portion, aseal between said portions and means whereby the fluid escapingtrom'either of said portions through said seal is conducted toan'operative point of the turbine. r

1 1. In an elastic fluid turbine, an ahead portion, an astern portion,two interleaving seals betweensaid ortions, a fluid chamber common tosaid sea s and means whereby the fluid entering said chamber isconducted'to a working portion of the turbine.

12. In a reversing turbine, an ahead portion, an astern portion, twointerleaving seals between said portions, a fluid chamber on the turbinerotor common to said seals and means whereby the fluid entermg saidchamber is conducted to a Working portion.

of the turbine. 13. In a reversing turbine, an ahead portion, an asternportion, two interleaving seals between said portions, a fluid chamberon the turbine rotor common to said seals,

and a fluid conduit in the turbine casing conimunicating with saidchamber whereby the fluid entering said chamber is conducted to anoperative point of the turbine.

14, In an elastic fluid turbine, a stator, a

rotor, a fluid-s11 ply passage communicatin wlth fluid-supp y nozzles, aleakage flui chamber in the rotor adjacent. to said nozzles In testimonywhereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 17th day of August,

1904.- GEO. WESTINGHOUSE. Witnesses:

CHAS. GARLAND, DAVID WILLIAMS.

